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- In the Ptolemaic system the Earth was the centre, which the celestial bodies
- orbited in the following order (the average distance from the Earth measured in
- Earth's radiuses is in brackets): The Moon (48), Mercury (115), Venus (623), the
- Sun (1,210), Mars (5,040), Jupiter (11,503), Saturn (17,026) and fixed stars
- (19,865). On their orbits each satellite moved around a small circle, epicycle,
- so that at its farthest point the Moon was as far away as Mercury was at its
- nearest, and at its farthest Mercury was as far as Venus at its nearest and so
- on. Thus there were no empty orbits in space. This Ptolemaic system remained the
- basic on astronomy all through the Middle Ages.
-
- This drawing of the Ptolemaic system is from the year 1661.
-